Timeline of
Muslim Firsts

A chronological record of the Muslims who broke barriers across every field, from Nobel laureates and astronauts to political pioneers and Olympic champions.

1785 science

First Muslim Astronomer in the West

Hyder Ali (attributed)

Early Muslim scholars and soldiers interacted with Western institutions, though specific "firsts" from this era are difficult to verify.

1978 politics

First Muslim Nobel Laureate

Anwar Sadat

Egyptian president shared the Nobel Peace Prize with Menachem Begin for the Camp David Accords.

1979 science

First Muslim Nobel Prize Winner in Science

Abdus Salam

Pakistani physicist shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for electroweak unification theory.

1984 sports

First Muslim Woman to Win Olympic Gold

Nawal El Moutawakel

Won the 400m hurdles at the Los Angeles Olympics, also the first African woman to win Olympic gold.

1985 space

First Muslim in Space

Sultan bin Salman Al Saud

Flew aboard Space Shuttle Discovery on STS-51-G, helping deploy the ARABSAT-1B satellite.

1987 business

First Forbes Billionaires List Includes Muslim Wealth

Sultan of Brunei

Hassanal Bolkiah listed among the world's richest, estimated at $25 billion from oil revenues.

1988 entertainment

First Muslim Nobel Prize in Literature

Naguib Mahfouz

Egyptian novelist won the Nobel Prize in Literature, the first Arabic-language writer to receive the honor.

1993 military

First Muslim Military Chaplain in the U.S.

Abdul-Rasheed Muhammad

Commissioned as a U.S. Army chaplain, providing Islamic religious services to Muslim soldiers.

1997 politics

First Muslim Elected to UK Parliament

Mohammed Sarwar

Won Glasgow Govan constituency for the Labour Party, becoming the first Muslim MP in British history.

1999 science

First Muslim Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Ahmed Zewail

Egyptian-American chemist won for his work on femtochemistry, the study of chemical reactions on extremely short timescales.

2003 law

First Muslim Woman to Win the Nobel Prize

Shirin Ebadi

Iranian human rights lawyer won the Nobel Peace Prize for defending democracy and the rights of women and children.

2006 politics

First Muslim Elected to U.S. Congress

Keith Ellison

Won Minnesota's 5th District, took his ceremonial oath on Thomas Jefferson's Quran.

2006 space

First Muslim Woman in Space

Anousheh Ansari

Iranian-American entrepreneur flew to the ISS as a private space tourist aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft.

2007 space

Islamic Guidelines for Space Prayer Developed

Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor

Malaysia's National Fatwa Council issued guidelines for praying in orbit for the Malaysian astronaut's ISS mission.

2009 politics

First Muslim Mayor of a Major European City

Ahmed Aboutaleb

Became Mayor of Rotterdam, the Netherlands, a position he has held for over 15 years.

2014 education

Youngest-Ever Nobel Laureate

Malala Yousafzai

Pakistani education activist won the Nobel Peace Prize at age 17, the youngest laureate in Nobel history.

2016 politics

First Muslim Mayor of London

Sadiq Khan

Elected with 56.8% of the vote, becoming the mayor of one of the world's largest and most influential cities.

2018 politics

First Muslim Women Elected to U.S. Congress

Ilhan Omar & Rashida Tlaib

Omar (Minnesota) and Tlaib (Michigan) elected simultaneously, breaking gender and religious barriers.

2021 law

First Muslim Article III Federal Judge in the U.S.

Zahid Quraishi

Army veteran and federal prosecutor confirmed to the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey.

2022 law

First Muslim Woman Article III Federal Judge

Nusrat Jahan Choudhury

Confirmed to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York, former ACLU legal director.

2023 politics

First Muslim First Minister of Scotland

Humza Yousaf

Elected SNP leader and became First Minister, the highest executive office held by a Muslim in a Western nation. Resigned in April 2024.

2024 military

First Muslim General Officer in U.S. Military

Cindy Saladin-Muhammad

Reached the rank of brigadier general, the highest rank achieved by a Muslim in the U.S. armed forces.

2026 politics

First Muslim Mayor of New York City

Zohran Mamdani

Elected mayor of America's largest city, governing a population larger than most countries.